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Utah court process

Here's how a court case usually moves, step by step. Tap any step with an arrow to see more. Every case is different — your lawyer can tell you what to expect in yours.

Justice Court

Class B/C misdemeanors · infractions · traffic
  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
    Information (Charging Document)
    The formal charging document is filed. This notifies the defendant of the charges against them.
  4. 4
    Court Issues Summons or Warrant
    The court issues a summons (notice to appear) or an arrest warrant to bring the defendant before the court.
  5. 5
  6. 6
  7. 7
    Discovery
    Both sides exchange evidence and information relevant to the case.
  8. 8
    Pretrial Motions
    Attorneys may file motions to suppress evidence, dismiss charges, or address other legal issues before trial.
  9. 9
  10. Sentencing

District Court

Felonies · Class A misdemeanors
  1. 1
    Law Enforcement Submits Report
    Law enforcement completes an investigation and submits a report to the prosecutor's office.
  2. 2
  3. 3
    Information (Charging Document)
    The formal charging document is filed, notifying the defendant of the felony charges.
  4. 4
    Initial Appearance
    The defendant's first court appearance. The judge advises the defendant of the charges, rights, and sets bail conditions.
  5. 5
  6. 6
    Arraignment
    The defendant is formally charged in District Court, advised of rights, and enters a plea.
  7. 7
  8. 8
    Pretrial Motions
    Attorneys file motions to suppress evidence, dismiss charges, or resolve other legal issues before trial.
  9. 9
  10. 10
    Presentence Investigation
    A probation officer prepares a report with the defendant's background, circumstances, and sentencing recommendations for the judge.
  11. Sentencing