Utah court process
Here's how a court case usually moves, step by step. Tap any step with an arrow to see more. Every case is different — your lawyer can tell you what to expect in yours.
Justice Court
Class B/C misdemeanors · infractions · traffic
- 1
- 2
- 3Information (Charging Document)The formal charging document is filed. This notifies the defendant of the charges against them.
- 4Court Issues Summons or WarrantThe court issues a summons (notice to appear) or an arrest warrant to bring the defendant before the court.
- 5
- 6
- 7DiscoveryBoth sides exchange evidence and information relevant to the case.
- 8Pretrial MotionsAttorneys may file motions to suppress evidence, dismiss charges, or address other legal issues before trial.
- 9
- Sentencing
District Court
Felonies · Class A misdemeanors
- 1Law Enforcement Submits ReportLaw enforcement completes an investigation and submits a report to the prosecutor's office.
- 2
- 3Information (Charging Document)The formal charging document is filed, notifying the defendant of the felony charges.
- 4Initial AppearanceThe defendant's first court appearance. The judge advises the defendant of the charges, rights, and sets bail conditions.
- 5
- 6ArraignmentThe defendant is formally charged in District Court, advised of rights, and enters a plea.
- 7
- 8Pretrial MotionsAttorneys file motions to suppress evidence, dismiss charges, or resolve other legal issues before trial.
- 9
- 10Presentence InvestigationA probation officer prepares a report with the defendant's background, circumstances, and sentencing recommendations for the judge.
- Sentencing